Reactive dyes for living cells: Applications, artefacts, and some comparisons with textile dyeing

An inclusive chemical definition of “reactive” dyeing textiles is introduced, encompassing the CI Azoic, Mordant, Reactive, Sulphur and Vat dye application classes. Such reactive increases fibre retention makes practically possible. The analogous dyes fluorescent probes as microscopic stains in biology medicine outlined, focussing on using with living cells. Parallels textile are noted, eg, enhanced probe facilitation application. However, primary purpose live cells detection properties biological systems: to identify structures chemical/biochemical contents; assess functions physicochemical properties; determine changes locations cell components. Problems occurring such particularly problematic character many standard protocols, localisation artefacts arising whose reactant product species physiochemically significantly different. This latter problem explored via a case study possible reactant/product for oxygen species. Comparison experimental observations localisations predicted quantitative structure activity (QSAR) modelling indicates that can occur significant proportion chemically diverse, widely used, commercially available probes, well compounds reported literature. A graphical flowchart provided occurrence localising various organelles